Which system is primarily affected by the removal of waste products by the kidneys?

The system primarily affected by the removal of waste products by the kidneys is the excretory system. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering blood and producing urine, which is the main route for expelling waste products such as urea, creatinine, and excess salts from the body. This process is vital for maintaining homeostasis, regulating fluid balance, and ensuring that toxic substances do not accumulate to harmful levels.

In the context of kidney function, the excretory system encompasses not only the kidneys but also the urinary tract, including the ureters, bladder, and urethra, all of which are involved in the secretion and elimination of waste. This makes the excretory system integral to overall bodily function, as it directly influences the chemical composition of the body's fluids and the removal of metabolites. Understanding the essential role of the kidneys in waste elimination highlights their significance in maintaining health and preventing disease related to waste buildup.